Visualizing Property
Acknowledgements & Bibliography
Bibliography
General
Higman, B. W. Jamaica Surveyed: Plantation Maps and Plans of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Kingston: Institute of Jamaica Publications, 1988.
“Inflation Calculator.” The Bank of England. Accessed August 9, 2024.
La Faye, Deirdre. A Chronology of Jane Austen and Her Family. 2nd ed. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
____. Jane Austen: A Family Record. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
____, compiler and editor. Jane Austen's Letters. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 1997.
“Legacies of British Slavery - Database.” Center for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery, Department of History, University College London, 2015.
“Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade - Database.” Slave Voyages, 2008. Accessed August 9, 2024.
Introduction
Harris, Cheryl I. “Whiteness as Property.” Harvard Law Review, 106, no. 8 (June 1993): 1707-1791.
_____. “‘Too Pure an Air:’ Somerset’s Legacy From Anti-slavery to Colorblindness.” Texas Wesleyan Law Rev. 13, no. 2 (2007): 439-358.
“The Somerset v Stewart Case.” Kenwood, History and Collections. English Heritage (blog), October 2022.
Mapping Belvedere, Jamaica
Avery Jones, John. “George Austen as a (Nominal) Trustee of a Plantation in Antigua: The Legal Position.” JAS Report (2021): 33–48.
Chun, Julie Kim. “Provision Grounds.” An Online Edition of James Grainger’s The Sugar-Cane (1764). Digital Grainger, 2018.
“Jamaica Almanacs - Lead Page.” Jamaican Family Search Genealogy Research Library, 2013.
Noble, Pat. “The Freemans and the Austen Family.” Journal of the Abbots Langley Local History Society 35 (Autumn/Winter 2011): 14-15.
“Slave Compensation Jamaican Slave-Owners 1838 St. Thomas.” Jamaican Family Search Genealogy Research Library.
The Plantation Landscape
Bogues, Anthony. A Peculiar Aesthetic Representations and the Visual in Slave Society. Published and organized by the Ruth J. Simmons Center for the Study of Slavery and Justice, May 21, 2015-October 27, 2015, at Brown University, Providence, RI: Brown University, 2015.
Clark, William. Ten Views in the Island of Antigua: In Which Are Represented the Process of Sugar Making and the Employment of the Negroes in the Field, Boiling-House and Distillery. London: Thomas Clay Ludgate-Hill, 1823.
Eyre, L. Alan. “James Robertson: Jamaica's Mapmaker Superlative.” Jamaica Journal Quarterly of the Institute of Jamaica 17, no. 4 (Nov.-Jan. 1984-85): 57-63.
Green, Andre. “Henry de La Beche Defends Slavery.” Gwallter (blog), 2020.
Hakewill, James. A Picturesque Tour of the Island of Jamaica from Drawings Made in the Years 1820 and 1821. London: Hurst and Robinson [etc.], 1825. The Boston Public Library.
Long, Edward. The History of Jamaica: Or General Survey of the Antient And Modern State of the Island: With Reflections On Its Situation Settlements Inhabitants Climate Products Commerce Laws And Government... in three volumes. London: T. Lowndes, 1774.
“Patrick Browne History of Jamaica (1756).” Heritage (Blog) Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, July 2, 2021.
“Post-Emancipation Life | John Carter Brown Library.” Accessed August 9, 2024.
Stewart, John. An Account of Jamaica and Its Inhabitants. United Kingdom: Longman Hurst Rees and Orme, 1808.
“The 1833 Abolition of Slavery Act and Compensation Claims.” The National Archives UK (Beta), The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK.
Circulating Narratives
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopedia. “Molasses Act.” Encyclopedia Britannica,” April 23, 2015.
Hanley, Ryan. “Calvinism, Proslavery, and James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw.” Slavery & Abolition 36, no. 2 (2014): 360–81.
“Joseph Sturge.” Quakers in the World (blog), Accessed August 21, 2024.
Kleven, Daniel. “‘The Mere Sting of an Insect, Compared with the Fangs of a Tyger’: Heman Humphrey’s Parallel Between Intemperance and the Slave Trade.” Βιβλιοσκώληξ (blog), April 1, 2022.
Leask, Nigel. “Eighteenth Century Travel Writing.” In The Cambridge History of Travel Writing, edited by Nandini Das and Tim Youngs, 93-107. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Loraux, Nicole, and Alex Ling. “Aspasia, Foreigner, Intellectual.” Journal of Continental Philosophy 2, no. 1 (2021): 9-32.
Rezek, Joseph. London and the Making of Provincial Literature: Aesthetics and the Transatlantic Book Trade, 1800-1850. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015.
_____. “The Racialization of Print.” American Literary History 32, no. 3 (Fall 2020): 417–445.
Phelps, Amos Augustus. “An Analysis of Dr. Humphreys Parallel Between Intemperance & the Slave Trade.” Manuscript, [ca. 1828]. Digital Commonwealth.
Abolition and The Regency
Armstrong, Nancy. “Introduction: The Politics of Domesticating Culture Then and Now.” In Desire and Domestic Fiction: A Political History of the Novel. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. ProQuest Ebook Central.
Bosma, Ulbe. “East Indian Sugar versus Slave Sugar.” In The Sugar Plantation in India and Indonesia: Industrial Production 1770-2010. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central.
“Coffee-pot and Cover Earthenware Thrown Pale Bluish Glaze Curator's Comments.” The British Museum.
“Curator’s Pick Creole Saucer & Jug Ceramic.” National Institute of Jamaica (blog), April 26, 2021.
Locke, Joseph L., and Ben Wright, eds. “Print of the Slave Ship Brookes; British North America Reader.” In The American Yawp Reader Vol 1. Before 1877. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2019.
Lalla, Barbara. “Quaco Sam: A Relic of Archaic Jamaican Speech.” Jamaica Journal 45 (1981): 20-29.
____, and Jean D'Costa. “Text 9: ‘Quaco Sam’ The Early Nineteenth Century.” In Language in Exile: Three Hundred Years of Jamaican Creole. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2009. ProQuest Ebook Central.
Major, Andrea. “‘Not Made by Slaves:’ The Ambivalent Origins of Ethical Consumption.” openDemocracy (blog), April 30, 2015.
Matthew, Patricia A. “Serving Tea for a Cause: The Kitchenware that Helped British Women Fight Against ‘Blood Sugar’ on the Home Front.” Roundtable Blog Lapham’s Quarterly, 2018.
“Plan and Sections of a Slave Ship Curator’s Comments.” The British Museum.
“Plan and Sections of a Slave Ship [the ‘Brooks’ Sometimes ‘Brookes’] 1789.” National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, Michael Graham-Stewart Slavery Collection.
Sousa, Daniel. “History in Stoneware Depictions of the British Slave Trade on an 18th-Century English Punch Bowl.” Historic Deerfield Magazine Global Encounters 17 (Autumn 2018): 36-40.
____. “Anti-Slavery Ceramics at Historic Deerfield.” The Decorative Arts Trust Bulletin (Summer 2020).
“Sugar-Bowl; Box Curator’s Comments.” The British Museum.
Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park (1814)
“[Antigua] A New and Accurate Map of the Island...” Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Gallery.
Austen, Jane. Mansfield Park. Carey & Lea: 1832.
Buckley, Roger N. “The Frontier in the Jamaican Caricatures of Abraham James.” The Yale University Library Gazette 58, no. 3/4 (April 1984): 152-162.
Forbes-Erickson, D. A.-R. “Balls at Kingston to the ‘Brown Girls’: A Palimpsest for Bleached-Brown Skins in Jamaican Dancehall.” Anthurium 17, no. 1 (2021): 9, 1–32.
“Giles Blizzard’s.” Antigua Sugar Mills. The Antigua Sugar Mills Project, Griot Institute for the Study of Black Lives and Cultures, Bucknell University.
Gunne, Dietmar. “Object Description Sir Joshua Reynolds’ Tysoe Saul Hancock and His Wife Philadelphia (née Austen) with Their Daughter Elizabeth and the Indian Servant Clarinda.” National Museums of Berlin, Gemäldegalerie.
Looser, Devoney. “Breaking the Silence: The Austen Family’s Complex Entanglements with Slavery,” Times Literary Supplement 21 (May 2021): 2-3.
Mitchell, Charlotte, and Gwendolen Mitchell. “Passages to India: Did Joshua Reynolds Paint a Portrait of Jane Austen's Aunt?” Times Literary Supplement (TLS) no. 5964 (July 21, 2017): 13+.
Smith, Christopher J. “A Tale of Two Cities: Akimbo Body Theatrics in Bristol England and Spanish Town Jamaica.” American Music 33, no. 2 (2015): 251–73.
“Thibou Plantation.” Antigua Sugar Mills. The Antigua Sugar Mills Project, Griot Institute for the Study of Black Lives and Cultures, Bucknell University.
Thome, James A., and J. Horace Kimball. Emancipation of the West Indies. A Six Months' Tour in Antigua Barbadoes and Jamaica in the Year. New York: The American Anti-slavery Society, 1838.
Oliver, Vere Langford. The History of the Island of Antigua: One of the Leeward Caribbees in the West Indies from the First Settlement in 1635 to the Present Time. 3 vols. London: Mitchell and Hughes, 1894. Boston Public Library.
Acknowledgements
This exhibition is the outcome of an internship at The Race and Regency Lab, made possible through the vision and mentorship of Lab Director Patricia A. Matthew, to whom I am deeply grateful. Her assigned readings and insightful feedback on the objects were crucial in shaping the critical approach and final selection of the pieces presented in this exhibition.
I would also like to thank the Boston University Center for the Humanities and the British Association for Romantic Studies for their support. Special recognition goes to Joseph Rezek, member of The Race and Regency Lab board and BU Professor, for his invaluable feedback and guidance. Heartfelt thanks to Caroline McCaffrey-Howarth, for her comments on the exhibition and valuable insights. To the John Carter Brown Library Director Karin Wulf, Curator of maps and prints, Bertie Mandelblatt, and Kim Nusco, Mark Armstrong, Genesis Barrera, and Valerie Andrews, for their research assistance. I am grateful to Associate Curator, Iris Moon, for her guided tour through the decorative arts galleries of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Kerry Ann Watson from the National Museum of Jamaica, for her assistance with images. My deep appreciation goes to Amber Archambeault, Irene Garcia, Ana María Sánchez, and Karla Kri for their constant support.
Lastly, I would like to thank the institutions who own the objects in this exhibition, who made their collections available online through Creative Commons and fair use: The Boston Public Library at The Internet Archive; The British Museum, London, UK; Historic Deerfield, Deerfield, MA; The John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, Providence, RI; The Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.; Mellors and Kirk, Fine Art Auctioneers, Nottingham, UK; The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY; The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA; The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK; the Institute of Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica; the Samuel J. May Anti-Slavery Pamphlet Collection, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; Slavery Images: A Visual Record of the African Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Early African Diaspora – Database, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO; National Museums of Berlin, Berlin, Germany; the Toronto Public Library, Toronto, Canada; and the William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
*October 3, 2024 Update: I would like to thank John Avery Jones for clarifying that it was Capel Cure I (d. 1820), not Capel Cure II (1797–1878), who became John Cope Freeman’s trustee after his death in 1788 and was probably the one who crossed paths with Jane Austen in 1811. Capel Cure II likely succeeded his father in this role and, along with Edward Jarman, was awarded compensation for the estate. The correction has been made in the "Mapping Belvedere, Jamaica" section.
Visualizing Property was curated by Constanza Robles Sepúlveda, Doctoral candidate in the History of Art and Architecture at Boston University, cnrobles@bu.edu.